Decision-making
If you are a couple or a family, it is helpful for one person to be responsible for getting consensus on decisions and communicating with the design and construction team. There are a surprising number of tasks and decisions that need to be made, all of which become time-critical once construction starts.
Will you work with a general contractor? Most people opt to work with a general contractor. Some people prefer to be their own general contractor if they are experienced in building trades or if the project is small and they have the time to manage it. There are a number of advantages to using an experienced general contractor, especially for larger projects.
Schedule
Your project can be broken into three phases. The first phase is design and planning. This is when you figure out what you want to do, what it’s going to look like, and how it will function. Your architect will draw up drawings for permit, contractor pricing, and construction. You and/or your architect will select finishes, materials, fixtures, and appliances. A good rule of thumb is that the planning and design takes about as long as the construction. The more decisions get made during the planning phase, the smoother your construction will go.
The second phase is permit and contractor selection. Small kitchen or bathroom remodel permits can often be obtained the same day you apply, or “over the counter”. Larger projects or ones that involve structural engineering often are taken in by the building department for processing. If you do need a permit, you need to allow time for the permit process. Times to process permits vary, depending on the busyness of the building department. For budgeting purposes, assume four to eight weeks. This allows a maximum of three weeks to get their first comments, two weeks to respond to their comments, and three weeks for them to process the response. If there are no comments or revisions required, you may get a permit in four weeks.
Budget
Few people have an unlimited budget when it comes to house remodels. Coming up with a reasonable budget can be based on a number of different factors. If you are concerned about over-building for the value of your house and for the neighborhood, talk to your realtor about comparables and what features will add to the resale value of your house. You could start thinking about the project with a budget based on cost per square foot – $200/sf for a remodel and $300/sf for an addition. This covers basic mid-level construction. Custom features and expensive finishes quickly add to the basic costs. It is important to note that the smaller the project, the less accurate these square-foot budgets are.
The following table outlines some rough numbers for budgeting cost and schedule. Baths and kitchen remodels have a wide range, because they are so variable. For example, the basic small bath remodel assumes that you will replace fixtures in the same place, with new floor and wall tile, new light fixtures, new wallboard and paint. If you decide to move or add bath fixtures, you can budget $1500 per fixture and add to the basic small bath price. If you’re just replacing tile and painting, it would be less.
It is always good to have some contingency money in your budget. Fifteen to twenty percent is not unreasonable for additions. This covers things are discovered during construction, that should be done while the walls are open and the foundation exposed. Common extras include repair of rotted framing, beefing up structure that doesn’t meet current codes, and replacing floor slabs or footings that aren’t properly reinforced.
Kitchens are very personal. Pricing for a kitchen remodel is highly variable, depending on the quality of cabinets, counter material, and appliances selected. The kitchen numbers below assume a nice mid-level budget, not the cheapest but not most expensive.
| project | design/ planning | permit | construction | total time | budget cost |
| sm. bath – same layout | 6-8 wks | 1 day | 6-8 wks | 3-4 mos | $15-30,000 |
| sm. bath – relocate fixtures | 12-16 wks | 1 day | 12-16 wks | 6-8 mos | $20-35,000 |
| master bath – large | 12-16 wks | 1 day | 12-16 wks | 6-8 mos | $50-70,000 |
| kitchen – no addition | 12 wks | 1 day | 12 wks | 6 mos | $45-60,000 |
| kitchen -with addition | 12 wks | 3 wks | 12-16 wks | 6-7 mos | $150,000 |
| kitchen/bath | 16-20 wks | 1 day | 16-20 wks | 8-10 mos | $70-100,000 |
| finish basement w/new slab, partial new foundation, bath & laundry | 16 wks | 2 days | 16 wks | 8 mos | $150,000 |
| new house or addition | 12 mos | 8 wks | 12-15 mos | 2 years + | $300/sf |
| remodel of existing space | $200/sf |
Construction costs are only one element of your budget. Make sure you budget for your architect, structural engineer, civil engineer, surveyor, interior designer, landscape architect, and building permit fees. If you will need to move out, figure the cost of storing your furniture and renting temporary housing.
Logistics
Another aspect of planning your project is whether you can live in the house during construction. Once you have an idea of the size of your project, your architect or contractor can give you an idea of whether it is practical to live in the house during construction. The answer is not the same for every homeowner or every remodel project. For the contractor working around people living in the house adds time and cost to the construction. It can be surprisingly stressful to live without a kitchen, shower or toilet for even short periods of time. Remember that babies and young children will not be as tolerant of construction fumes, dust and noise as older children or adults. And if you’re working out of a home office, you’ll need to make sure you can stay open for business during the construction.
If you do choose to move out, plan to stay close to the construction site. You will want to be available on a daily basis to make sure the contractor’s questions are answered promptly. Once construction starts, you can plan on a steady stream of questions and minor decisions.
It is NOT a good idea to go on an extended vacation expecting everything to be done when you get back. If you are not around when the contractor has a question, he or she will make the decision for you. Drawings are designed to convey information, but there is most likely a difference between what you envisioned and what the contractor understood from the drawings. If you are around, you are more likely to catch a miscommunication earlier when it is easier to fix.






















